赤峰金剑铜业澳斯麦特熔炼炉炉衬改进

介绍内蒙古赤峰金剑铜业有限公司澳斯麦特熔炼炉炉衬的使用情况和技术改造效果。分析铬铝砖衬损毁机理的基础上,提出以铜水套炉衬替代砖衬的技术改造方案。实践证明,铜水套使用寿命达5年以上,熔炼炉产能和经济效益显著提高。     

Triphenylphosphonium (TPP)-Based Antioxidants: A New Perspective on Antioxidant Design

Mitochondrial oxidative damage and dysfunction contribute to a wide range of human diseases. Considering the limitation of conventional antioxidants and that mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which induce oxidative damage, mitochondria-targeted antioxidants which can selectively block mitochondrial oxidative damage and prevent various types of cell death have been widely developed. As a lipophilic cation, triphenylphosphonium (TPP) has been commonly used in designing mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. Conjugated with the TPP moiety, antioxidants can achieve more than 1000-fold higher mitochondrial concentration depending on cell membrane potentials and mitochondrial membrane potentials. Herein we discuss the deficiencies of conventional antioxidants and the advantages of mitochondrial targeting, and review various types of TPP-based mitochondria-targeted antioxidants. These provide theoretical and background support for the design of new anti-oxidant.     

N-Substituted Nipecotic Acids as (S)-SNAP-5114 Analogues with Modified Lipophilic Domains

Potential mGAT4 inhibitors derived from the lead substance (S)-SNAP-5114 have been synthesized and characterized for their inhibitory potency. Variations from the parent compound included the substitution of one of its aromatic 4-methoxy and 4-methoxyphenyl groups, respectively, with a more polar moiety, including a carboxylic acid, alcohol, nitrile, carboxamide, sulfonamide, aldehyde or ketone function, or amino acid partial structures. Furthermore, it was investigated how the substitution of more than one of the aromatic 4-methoxy groups affects the potency and selectivity of the resulting compounds. Among the synthesized test substances (S)-1-{2-[(4-formylphenyl)bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-methoxy]ethyl}piperidine-3-carboxylic acid, that features a carbaldehyde function in place of one of the aromatic 4-methoxy moieties of (S)-SNAP-5114, was found to have a pIC₅₀ value of 5.89±0.07, hence constituting a slightly more potent mGAT4 inhibitor than the parent substance while showing comparable subtype selectivity.     

Reality-based interaction affecting mental workload in virtual reality mental arithmetic training

ABSTRACT

The concept of digital game-based learning (DGBL) evolves rapidly together with technological enhancements of virtual reality (VR) and smart phones. However, the mental workload (MWL) that VR-training applications demand and motivational qualities originating from user experience (UX) should be identified in order to create effective and enjoyable training/learning challenges that fit with individual users’ capabilities. This study examined the effects of reality-based interaction (RBI) and VR on measures of student motivation and MWL, in a mental arithmetic game for secondary school pupils. In a randomised controlled trial with sixty school children, a mental arithmetic game was tested with three different interaction and two different presentation methods – VR RBI, VR head-mounted-display tapping and tablet flick-gesture. Results found a significant effect of RBI on MWL but no differences in enjoyment of training were found between VR-experience and tablet training-experience. In fact, adding the gaming-context to the mental arithmetic task created an enjoyable, motivating experience regardless of presentation or interaction-style.     

SBBR反应器中耐冷微生物的驯化与识别

以模拟生活污水为处理对象，三种不同填料为生物膜载体，运行 A、B、C三个SBBR，通过逐步降温（25、20、15、10、6和5℃）培养驯化处理低温污水的生物膜。运行251周期，三个反应器COD出水浓度均低于50 mg/L；B反应器对氨氮去除效果优于A和C。特别在低温5℃时，A、B和C三个反应器氨氮平均出水浓度分别为14.1、3.79和14.1 mg/L。高通量测序结果显示，5℃时，三个反应器中均以降解有机物的微生物为主；只有B反应器中驯化富集出了嗜冷硝化菌（Candidatus Nitrotoga）；而其他有硝化作用的菌属在B反应器中的丰度也高于A和C反应器；不利于脱氮的类固氮菌（Elstera）在A和C反应器中丰度较高。此结果可从微生物角度解释三个反应器处理效果的差异性，表明B反应器处理低温污水有显著优势，其所用填料可结合低温菌进一步开发利用。